An Act of Parliament passes into law through the joint efforts of the government (the monarch and the ministers) and both Houses of Parliament.
Under the Constitution, before a bill can enter into law it must be passed by Parliament and then signed by the monarch and countersigned by the responsible minister or state secretary.
Acts of Parliament must be signed by both the King and the responsible minister or state secretary before they can become law. By countersigning, members of the government confirm their acceptance of constitutional responsibility for the legislation. An Act does not enter into force until it has been published in the Bulletin of Acts and Decrees. Publication is the responsibility of the Minister of Justice and Security. Royal Decrees must also be signed by the King and the responsible minister or state secretary.